The term “Seven Sisters of Protestantism” once referred to the dominant mainline Protestant denominations in the United States. These were the churches that sat at the center of American religious life for much of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, however, many of these institutions bear little resemblance to the historic Christianity they once…
Book Review: Christianity and Liberalism by J. Gresham Machen
J. Gresham Machen (1881–1937) was a towering figure in early 20th-century American Christianity, particularly within the Reformed tradition. A brilliant scholar and principled defender of orthodoxy, Machen was born in Baltimore, Maryland, into a devout Presbyterian family. He studied at Johns Hopkins University and then at Princeton Theological Seminary, where he would later teach New…
Francis Schaeffer Encounters a Progressive Christian
Francis Schaeffer (1912–1984) was a Christian theologian, philosopher, and Presbyterian pastor best known for his profound influence on evangelical apologetics in the latter half of the 20th century. Schaeffer’s apologetic method centered on the principle that Christianity is the only worldview that adequately accounts for reality—what he called “true truth.” He emphasized the internal consistency…
Biblical Christianity vs. Progressive (Woke) Christianity: a Worldview Comparison
In recent decades, a widening gap has developed between two streams of thought within the church: what is often called progressive or woke Christianity, and the enduring, historical faith of biblical Christianity. While these two systems share certain terminology—grace, justice, love, and gospel—they diverge dramatically in theology, ethics, and authority. This post examines their differences…